Showing posts with label Noda. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Noda. Show all posts

Sunday, March 18, 2012

北朝鮮、中国の動きに懸念…防大卒業式で首相


防衛大学校卒業式で訓示する野田首相(18日、横須賀市の防衛大で)=高橋美帆撮影
 野田首相は18日、神奈川県横須賀市の防衛大学校の卒業式で行った訓示で、日本の安全保障を取り巻く情勢について「厳しさを増すと同時に複雑さを呈し、不透明感が漂っている」と強調した。
 懸念される動きとして「核・ミサイル問題を含む北朝鮮の動き」を挙げたほか、中国についても「軍事力を増強し、周辺海域において活発な活動を続けている」と指摘した。
 首相は自衛隊の東日本大震災での活動にも触れ、「長く歴史に刻まれる」と高く評価した。

Monday, January 9, 2012

若者を犠牲にしない60代雇用を考えよ


小此木潔
小此木潔

若者を犠牲にしない60代雇用を考えよ

2012年01月09日
 
 厚生労働省の労働政策審議会が、働きたい人全員を原則として65歳まで雇うよう企業に義務付けるべきだとする報告書をまとめた。野田政権はこれを受けて、雇用延長を盛り込んだ高年齢者雇用安定法(高齢法)改正案を来年の通常国会に提案するという。
 厚生年金の報酬比例(いわゆる2階)部分の支給開始年齢は、2013年度に男性が61歳となり、その後も3年ごとに1歳ずつ上がっていって、25年度には65歳になる。こうした「逃げ水」のような年金制度に対応するには、65歳までの雇用を義務づけすることは意義があるといえる。

Wednesday, December 14, 2011

14/12 Support for Noda Cabinet falls to 42%, disapproval rises to 44% / Respondents cite lack of leadership behind disapproval


The approval rating for the Cabinet of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda has dropped to 42 percent, falling below the Cabinet's disapproval rating of 44 percent for the first time since the Cabinet was formed in September, the latest Yomiuri Shimbun survey has found.
Support for Noda's Cabinet fell seven percentage points from the last survey conducted on Nov. 12 and 13. Meanwhile, its disapproval rating has increased by six points, according to the survey conducted on Saturday and Sunday.

Tuesday, September 27, 2011

27/09 EDITORIAL: Noda must win public support for his U.N. pledges

2011/09/27

Despite the unprecedented disaster caused by the March 11 earthquake and the accident at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, Japan will never become "inward-looking."

To the contrary, it will continue to contribute to the solution of world problems.

No doubt that was the main intent of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda's address to the U.N. General Assembly.

At the outset, the prime minister presented three earthquake-related anecdotes:

(1) That an Indonesian nurse candidate and trainee in Miyagi Prefecture evacuated patients just before the massive tsunami hit;

(2) That Brazilian children living in poor conditions in their own country collected small change and sent the money to Japan; and

(3) That university students in Kenya held a memorial for Japanese victims, and sang "Sukiyaki," whose original Japanese title is, "I shall walk looking up."

And then the prime minister pledged, "These bonds between Japan and the international community will be forever remembered by the Japanese."

Postwar Japan, contrite from the country's experiences of World War II, sought to become a peaceful state and actively provided assistance to developing countries.

That so many countries offered to help Japan in its time of need is surely not unconnected with our half-century's worth of development assistance. Clearly, those countries appreciated our efforts.

That is why, despite our need for speedy recovery and reconstruction, as well as bringing the crisis at the nuclear power plant under control, we believe our country still needs to contribute as a major economic power to the solution of the many challenges facing the international community.

The prime minister made new international promises to:

(1) Contribute to the United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS);

(2) Provide humanitarian assistance toward relief of the famine in Somalia; and

(3) Offer $1 billion worth of yen loans to assist the democratization process in the Middle East and North African region.

These efforts will no doubt help solidify Japan's international stature.

In contrast, the prime minister's statement at the U.N. High-Level Meeting on Nuclear Safety and Security was problematic.

He proclaimed, "Japan will send out to the whole world lessons learned through this accident."

We have no problem with that statement. But then Noda announced that Japan will continue to export nuclear power plant technology. He said nothing concrete about the nation's future energy policy.

Before leaving for the United States, Noda told an American newspaper that Japan will aim to re-start its nuclear plants "by next summer."

Clearly, Noda is trying to peel back the vision of his predecessor, Naoto Kan, of a country that is "free from its dependency" on nuclear power.

At an international conference in May, Kan presented an ambitious numerical target to expand the use of renewable energy. In comparison, Noda's speech was lackluster.

What does Noda plan to follow through on from the previous administration, and what is he going to change? The prime minister has a responsibility to spell this out to the public.

Domestically, debate continues over whether or not to raise taxes for reconstruction, or raising the consumption tax to fund social security.

For Noda to implement the overseas assistance he pledged at the United Nations, the administration must cultivate widespread understanding and support among the public. This is essential.

Noda's diplomatic schedule is over for now. Meantime, the budget committee in the Diet convened for business on Sept. 26. The debate there will be the prime minister's first touchstone.

--The Asahi Shimbun, Sept. 25

27/09 N-research funding set to be cut / Up to 80% reduction eyed for fast-breeder reactor development

The Yomiuri Shimbun

The science and technology ministry plans to cut spending on research into the development of high-efficiency fast-breeder nuclear reactors by 70 percent to 80 percent in the budget for the next fiscal year, according to sources.

The ministry reportedly intends to suspend research into practical applications of fast-breeder technology--which reincorporates spent nuclear fuel into the fuel cycle--while the national nuclear policy is reviewed in the wake of accidents at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.

The Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry allocated 10 billion yen to such research and development this fiscal year. This figure may be cut by as much as 8 billion yen, the sources said.

Meanwhile, the sources said funding for the prototype Monju fast-breeder nuclear reactor in Tsuruga, Fukui Prefecture, to cover maintenance and other costs will be about 21 billion yen next fiscal year--about the same as this fiscal year.

The total budget allocation for fast-breeder technology in fiscal 2011 was 40 billion yen. Thus, an 8 billion yen cut in research and development would be about 20 percent of the total.

The planned budget cuts suggest the ministry has decided to suspend research and development for nuclear fuel cycle technology until the government compiles a review of the basic national energy strategy.

In July, the government's Energy and Environment Council decided to conduct a comprehensive review of the nation's nuclear policy, and is expected to complete the task next summer.

At a House of Representatives Budget Committee session in August, then Prime Minister Naoto Kan--who supported a move away from nuclear power--said he would consider reversing the national energy policy and shutting down the Monju reactor. However, Kan's successor, Yoshihiko Noda, has said the nation should continue to use nuclear power but try to reduce reliance on it as much as possible.

The ministry's decision to suspend research and development spending but keep the Monju reactor running appears to be in line with Noda's stance.

(Sep. 27, 2011)

Sunday, September 25, 2011

25/09 Noda changing Kan's N-plant stance

The Yomiuri Shimbun

Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda is slowly changing the government's stance on nuclear power generation, which his predecessor, Naoto Kan, wanted to replace with other energy sources.

In July, when he was prime minister, Kan revised the long-held Japanese policy of promoting nuclear power and exports of nuclear technology because of the crisis at Tokyo Electric Power Co.'s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.

Noda seems to be taking a more moderate approach by insisting that a stable electric power supply utilizing nuclear power plants is essential for economic growth.

In his opinion, both economic growth and fiscal health are inseparable for rebuilding the economy.

At a high-level U.N. meeting in New York on nuclear safety and security Thursday, Noda said: "For several years, emerging nations and many other countries around the world have earnestly explored ways of using nuclear energy amid the need for energy security and in response to global warming. Japan supported their efforts and remains steadfast in responding positively to their interest in our undertakings."

This indicated that the prime minister was committed to continuing Japan's policy of exporting nuclear power plant equipment and technology.

In an interview with the Wall Street Journal on Tuesday ahead of his visit to the United States, Noda clearly mentioned the timing for reactivating nuclear reactors idled for regular checkups.

Though Noda said the "biggest precondition" was winning the understanding of prefectures where nuclear power plants are located and confirming the safety of the plants, he emphasized, "From spring through summer next year, we must bring them [the reactors] back online as best as we can." He also indicated nuclear power plants now under construction would eventually go online.

Since becoming prime minister, Noda has announced one policy after another.

A government source said this was because Noda wanted "to clearly show other countries that his policies were different from those of the Kan administration."

The prime minister believes that to revitalize the Japanese economy and achieve fiscal health, Japan must secure a stable electric power supply by utilizing nuclear power plants, the source said.

In his first policy speech to the Diet as the prime minister on Sept. 13, Noda said he would compile a new energy strategy, including the use of nuclear power, by summer.

However, political analysts said Noda so far had yet to draw up a long-term energy strategy.

The prime minister pledged in the Diet to "lower reliance on nuclear power plants as much as possible," indicating he would reduce reliance on nuclear power.

Though he drew a clear line between his and Kan's policy, Noda's remarks about the construction of new nuclear power plants or reactors have been ambiguous.

At one point, Noda suggested the number of reactors in service would be zero within a few decades. But on another occasion, he hinted that the construction of new reactors would be possible depending on the situation.

(Sep. 25, 2011)

25/09 'I can do business' with Noda, Obama reportedly says

Takeshi Endo / Yomiuri Shimbun Staff Writer

NEW YORK--"I can do business with him," U.S. President Barack Obama told his aides in evaluating Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda after their first summit meeting in New York on Wednesday, a source accompanying the prime minister has said.

On Thursday, the source reported being told about Obama's remark by the U.S. side.

The exact same comment was used by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to evaluate Mikhail Gorbachev in 1984, after they met when he was visiting Britain as the next general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He later became the Soviet president.

Thatcher quickly recognized Gorbachev was "different" from his predecessors and spoke highly of him to then U.S. President Ronald Reagan.

Meeting Thatcher's expectations, Gorbachev soon began discussions with the United States over seeking an end to the Cold War.

"I suppose the U.S. side was aware the phrase had been used by Thatcher in the past," said a governmental source. "It means [Obama] expects [Noda] to work appropriately as a trustworthy partner this time."

(Sep. 25, 2011)

Thursday, September 15, 2011

15/09 PRIME MINISTER NODA'S POLICY SPEECH

Following is a provisional translation, provided by the government, of the full text of a policy speech that Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda delivered before the Diet on Tuesday.

===

1. Introduction

On the occasion of the opening of the 178th session of the Diet, I would like to offer my prayers for the repose of those who lost their precious lives in the Great East Japan Earthquake, as well as in the concentrated heavy rains and typhoon, which followed in succession. In addition, I would like to express once again my sincerest sympathies to those who have been affected by disaster and who still have to endure inconvenience in their daily lives.

I have been recently appointed as Prime Minister of Japan. In any era, there is only one thing that is required of politics, which can be expressed in a simple phrase: "sincere spirit and just intent. "While listening to the voices of the people, with a just intent and sincere spirit, I am committed to being true to my conscience as a politician and doing everything in my power that is possible to take on the grave responsibility of dealing with the national crisis brought about by the disasters. In this endeavor I humbly ask for the understanding and cooperation of our coalition partner, the People's New Party, all other political parties and parliamentary groupings, and the people of Japan.

Already six months have passed since the fateful day of March 11. That disaster claimed so many lives and destroyed tranquil lifestyles in many hometowns. The scars it left are still deeply etched on the affected areas. Furthermore, the disaster, coupled with the accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Station have had an enormous impact on the entire country, not only on the affected area. With the long-running challenges that face economic society in Japan still remaining, the disaster has imposed a further set of new and grave challenges that require urgent resolution.

Living during this national crisis, there is something that we should ensure we never forget. That is the high-minded spirit demonstrated by the Japanese people in the midst of despair after the earthquake disaster. Ms. Miki Endo was working as a disaster prevention staff member in Minami-Sanrikucho, where she continued to urge residents to evacuate to high ground. It was her voice, relayed over the radio from the disaster prevention offices, which gave people courage and saved countless lives. Although her voice was tinged with fear and apprehension, Ms. Endo continued to broadcast to the very end. She was engulfed by the tsunami and never returned home. If she were still alive today, she should have been celebrating her marriage this month. Everywhere in the disaster affected areas, there were deep bonds with fellow human being without regard for their own lives, and filled with a sense of mission. Determination to fulfill a public duty in the midst of a crisis, as exemplified by Ms. Endo, and also, the countless people affected by the disaster who, showing kindness to others, have silently withstood the trials and hardships they face--are these not the qualities that ought to give us pride as Japanese and hope for the future?

There is something else we should not forget. That is the people who are struggling on the frontlines of the disaster reconstruction effort to deal with the nuclear accident and provide support to affected people. Last week, in my capacity as chief of the Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters, I visited TEPCO's Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Station. There, more than 2,000 people are continuing to work silently and tenaciously, wearing masks and protective clothing and facing the dangers of both radiation and heatstroke, in order to bring the accident to a close. In the areas damaged by the earthquake and heavy rain disasters, there are also various local government officials, who, while affected by the disasters themselves, are nonetheless continuing to attend to the needs of residents, spearheading rescue, recovery and decontamination activities.

The mayor of Nachi-Katsuura, Mr. Shinichi Teramoto, is a supreme example of such commitment. Although filled with the pain of having lost family members, he continues to oversee and direct operations being undertaken in response to the heavy rains.

At this very moment, the struggle against the nuclear accident and disaster-related damage is continuing. Through various dedicated and ongoing efforts in the affected areas, Japan's present and future are being supported. Shouldn't we give greater consideration to these people with our encouragement and gratitude?

There is something else we should not forget. It is the feelings of the disaster-affected people, and above all those from Fukushima, for their hometowns. Although efforts toward reconstruction are now underway in many regions, residents of the area around the power station in Fukushima continue to face an unclear future and struggle with worries and unease about radiation they cannot see. I recall the words of a certain high school student about the feelings of the people of this area, "To be born in Fukushima, grow up in Fukushima, and work in Fukushima. To get married in Fukushima, have children in Fukushima and bring up those children in Fukushima. To see our grandchildren in Fukushima, to see our great-grandchildren in Fukushima and to end our days in Fukushima. That is our dream." These words are from a play by high school students from Fukushima, which was performed at the 35th All Japan High School Cultural Festival in Fukushima last month. These young people have overcome feelings of sadness and anger, unease and impatience, resignation and helplessness, and are filled with a strong desire to take a step forward toward tomorrow. Does such young enthusiasm not give us the conviction that we can achieve reconstruction in the disaster-affected areas and Fukushima?

It is highly regrettable that recently a Cabinet minister resigned following inappropriate statements lacking compassion for disaster victims. I would like to take this opportunity to pledge once again that the Cabinet will redouble its concerted efforts to bring the nuclear accident to a conclusion and advance assistance for disaster victims, restoring the public's confidence in the government.

Even after the disaster, global developments continue as before. Views and perspectives on Japan continue to be subject to rapid change on an almost daily basis. The voices who have praised the high-minded spirit of the Japanese are being drowned out by critical views on Japan's politics. We now hear certain mocking comments from overseas suggesting that "procrastination and the inability to show political leadership" are "the Japanese way. "The trust and confidence that our country has earned up to now is currently in real danger of being lost.

We must accept the severe and harsh realities we face. We must also overcome them. In order to prevail over the crisis before us, protect the lives of the people and restore hope and pride to Japan, now is the time for the executive and legislative branches of our country to fulfill their prescribed roles.

===

2. Recovery and Reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake

Expediting recovery and reconstruction

It goes without saying that recovery and reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake are the greatest and highest priorities for my Cabinet. To date, the government has worked in cooperation with local governments, making every effort to engage in recovery operations, including the construction of temporary accommodation, the removal of debris and support for the livelihoods of the people affected by the disaster. Although it is a fact that in comparison to the immediate aftermath of the disaster substantial progress has been made, we have received comments that the operations have lacked speed and assistance is not reaching those who need it.

What my Cabinet needs to do is self-evident. We will implement each needed specific measure steadily and assuredly based on the Basic Guidelines for Reconstruction. To this end, we will expedite preparations for the compilation of the third supplementary budget. We will also work to formulate such measures as the provision of grants that can be easily accessed by local governments, and the creation of a system for special zones for reconstruction as matters of urgency.

The basic principle regarding financial resources for recovery and reconstruction is that the burden of these resources should not be passed onto the next generation, but instead should be shared together by all generations living here in the present. First of all, we will endeavor to secure resources through various efforts, including reductions in expenditure, the sale of national assets and a review of civil servant personnel costs. In addition, the multiple options available for time-limited taxation measures will be considered in a multifaceted manner that duly examines the current economic situation and takes into account other matters, including specific items for taxation, the period for such measures and their scope and scale in each fiscal year.

We will promptly submit to the Diet a draft bill for the establishment of the Reconstruction Agency, which will function as a body that transcends the current framework of multiple ministries and agencies, providing a one-stop response to the requests received from local governments that have been affected by the disaster. In order to accelerate reconstruction of the disaster-affected regions, I would request that the ruling and opposition parties work together on a concerted response.

Efforts to bring the nuclear power station accident to a conclusion and the revival of Fukushima

Bringing the nuclear power station accident to a conclusion is a national challenge. Without the revival of Fukushima Prefecture there will be no restoration of trust and confidence in Japan. We will engage in every possible endeavor to ensure that the release of radioactive materials into the atmosphere, ground and oceans is halted, and will steadily work on the realization of the roadmap toward the conclusion of the accident, while making maximum efforts to ensure the safety of the workers engaged in operations at the power station. By accumulating knowledge and expertise from around the world, we will also overcome the technical challenges we are facing. To ensure that there is no recurrence of such a nuclear accident, we will work tenaciously to identify the causes of the accident based on international perspectives, and will provide comprehensive information on such causes and prevention measures.

The disbursement of provisional compensation payments to people affected by the accident is another urgent matter. There are residents who have been forced to evacuate and have endured inconvenience in their daily lives over a long period; owners of livestock businesses who have faced the heartbreak of seeing their animals euthanized; farmers who have been forced to dispose of their crops; and owners of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), who have been forced to stop their operations due to unfounded reputational damages. To assist these victims of the disaster facing such a severe situation, we will expedite measures to provide fair and appropriate compensation and provisional payments.

In order to alleviate worries and concerns of residents and further accelerate reconstruction efforts, it is essential that thorough efforts be made to eliminate the radioactive materials that have already been dispersed and provide failsafe measures to manage the health of residents in the vicinity of the nuclear power station. In particular, we will prioritize health management programs for children and pregnant mothers. In order to ensure safety and peace of mind concerning food products that people consume on a daily basis, we will further enhance the inspection structures in place for agricultural produce and beef, among others.

There are still areas, predominantly in the vicinity of the TEPCO's Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Station, where levels of radiation remain extremely high. Keeping firmly in our minds the sorrow and despair of those who have been forced to leave their ancestral lands, with the cooperation of local governments, the government will take responsibility for whole-hearted efforts to engage in large-scale decontamination measures that will eliminate the radioactive materials present in the living environment.

Furthermore, based also on the lessons learned from this disaster, as well as taking all possible measures to respond to the large-scale natural disasters and accidents which threaten the lives and health of the people, we will reassess the government's disaster preparedness measures with the aim of creating a sustainable, disaster-resilient nation.

===

3. Response to the Global Economic Crisis

In addition to recovery and reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake, another priority issue that must be addressed by this Cabinet is the rebuilding of the Japanese economy. Since the March 11 disaster, issues such as the rapid appreciation of the yen, constraints on electricity supply and demand, and the instability of international financial markets have occurred in a composite manner. Japan is on the verge of suffering a major loss of national credibility due to the hollowing-out of its industries and its exacerbating financial situation.

Reconstruction of energy policy

The first step toward rebuilding Japan's economy is reconstructing its energy policy. We continue to face a situation where the supply and demand of electricity is constrained due to the nuclear power station accident. Without the stable provision of electricity, which is the very "blood" of our economy and society, the foundation for Japan's affluent lifestyle will lose stability and we will become unable to bolster domestic industrial activities.

Thanks to the energy saving efforts of the public this summer, we did not have to resort to carrying out rolling power outages. I thank you for your sincere understanding and cooperation. In order to empower Japan to escape the situation of being forced to endure energy-saving measures, we will spend the next one or two years implementing supply and demand countermeasures. At the same time, we will revise from scratch the current Basic Energy Policy, which lasts until 2030, and will create a new strategy and plan by around summer of next year. In doing so, we will steadily consider a mid- to long-term energy composition that citizens can feel comfortable with from the perspective of energy security as well as using cost analyses, while widely taking into account the views of wide-ranging groups of citizens.

Concerning nuclear power generation, it is unproductive to grasp nuclear power as a dichotomy between "zero nuclear power" and "promotion." In the mid- to long-term, we must aim to move in the direction of reducing our dependence on nuclear power generation as much as possible. At the same time, however, we will restart operations at nuclear power stations following regular inspections, for which safety has been thoroughly verified and confirmed, under the premise that a relationship of trust is developed with the local government. As per an organizational restructuring of nuclear safety regulation, the Nuclear Safety and Security Agency will be established as an affiliated agency of the Ministry of the Environment and will work to boldly unify regulations for nuclear power safety.

The history of humankind is also a history of people attempting to develop new types of energy. Japan, a country with few fossil fuel resources, must lead the rest of the world in constructing a society that bases itself on new forms of energy. Japan will utilize its advanced technological power to pair regulatory reform with measures to promote dissemination in transmitting a cutting-edge model for energy conservation and renewable energies to the world.

Implementation of bold countermeasures to the appreciating yen and industrial hollowing-out

Historical levels of yen appreciation paired with the rise of emerging economies and other factors are precipitating an unprecedented industrial hollowing-out crisis. The exporting companies and small to medium-size enterprises that have led Japanese industry in the past are now crying for help. Unless something is done, there is the concern that domestic industries will drop in strength and employment will be lost. If that happens, overcoming deflation and reconstruction in the affected areas will become significantly more difficult tasks.

Countries in Europe, the U.S. and Asia are engaging in a location battle where national efforts are being made to attract companies to their countries. In order for Japan to prevent the hollowing-out of its industries and maintain domestic employment, we must work together with the Bank of Japan, which conducts monetary policy, in utilizing all policy means available. First, we will utilize reserve funds and the third supplementary budget to implement emergency economic countermeasures that include the bold enhancement of location subsidies. Furthermore, we will take advantage of the merits of the appreciating yen to support Japanese companies in purchasing foreign companies and acquiring resource interests.

Achieving both economic growth and fiscal health

Since before the March 11 disaster, Japan relied on national bonds for half of its national revenue, and the national debt was at risk of reaching one thousand trillion yen. The disaster has raised the crisis level of the public finance even further, making Japan's situation the worst among major advanced nations. Today, as Japan's national credibility is severely questioned, we cannot continue to manage public finance by covering old debt with new debt. Do we have the right to force more debt on future generations, who cannot now speak for themselves? The responsibility of today's politicians is being put into question.

Financial reconstruction is by no means a simple problem that can be realized in a direct manner. There is the path of cutting expenditures, which is achieved by the streamlining of politics and governmental administration. There is also the path of increasing revenues realized by revitalizing the economy and the affluent lives of citizens. While exerting every effort to realize these two paths, there is also the path of revenue reform where we must ask citizens to bear a greater burden so that we do not create problems for future generations. We must push forward while keeping view of all of these three paths, and that makes for a difficult journey.

Economic growth and fiscal health must be advanced in unison like two wheels of the same vehicle. For that purpose, efforts to realize the New Growth Strategy formulated last year will be accelerated and a strategy that takes into account the circumstances after the disaster will be enhanced with the aim of compiling, by the end of the year, a strategy to revitalize Japan.

In order for the government to act as a "control tower" overseeing important national policies, including the realization of these strategies, we will gather the knowledge of the industrial, government, and academic sectors, consolidate existing meeting structures, and establish a new meeting structure, that I will administer.

It is the dynamism of private companies such as small and medium-size enterprises that will lead Japan's economic growth. We will develop an environment conducive to generating new industries and ample employment opportunities mainly in the environmental energy sector, which is also linked to resolving the problem of global warming, and the medical-related sector, which is in high demand due to Japan's longevity society. Moreover, in order to deepen relations with growing foreign markets, we will strategically promote economic partnerships and advance market development in a concerted effort between the public and private sectors, while at the same time strengthening efforts to attract expertise and funding from overseas.

The idea that "agriculture is the backbone of a country" is still alive today. Food supports and nurtures life. Due to the very fact that consumers demand a high standard of safety and reassurance, the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries industries may possibly become growth industries that assume the lead in the new era. Using efforts to revitalize agriculture, the core industry in affected areas in the Tohoku region, as a gateway, concrete measures will be compiled in order to swiftly revitalize the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries industries in accordance with the midterm recommendations of the Council for the Realization of the Revival of the Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishery Industries.

In addition, post offices are a pillar of social infrastructure that supports rural communities. I will work to ensure that the bill for the Postal Reform Act is quickly passed so that post offices are able to provide the basic services of the three branches in a unified manner as bond-forming bases among the people of each community.

The government will also continue to promote the reform for increasing local sovereignty.

===

4. A Japan that has Hope and Pride

Along with overcoming the "two crises" of the Great East Japan Earthquake and the world economic crisis, we must invest in Japan's future in order to be a country filled with promise and a country which each and every person can have pride in and be grateful that they were born in this country.

The revival of a large middle class and social security reform

In times past, Japan used to be identified as a country in which all people belonged to the middle class. Supported also by one of the best social security systems in the world, the large middle class had been the basis of economic development and social stability. However, the birthrate decline and aging population have progressed rapidly, the employment and family patterns to date have largely transformed, and the "lifetime safety net" of the social security system, too, has begun to show some gaps. Among the people who used to belong to the middle class, there are now more people who are finding it difficult to get by.

Giving up could eventually turn to despair and then to anger, and then the collapse of the stability of the Japanese society from its core. "Hope" and "pride" will not emerge unless we bring back Japan which has "warmth" rather than "despair and anger." The social security system must be shifted to one that is tailored to all generations and one which all generations can feel is fair. Specifically, we need to strengthen support measures for the younger generation by advancing comprehensive support for children and child rearing, including the provision of child allowance agreed upon among the three parties of the Democratic Party of Japan, Liberal Democratic Party, and New Komeito party and the establishment of a framework for the unification of nurseries and kindergartens. Another major challenge is to eliminate any concerns about the healthcare and nursing care systems and to efficiently provide high quality services tailored to the community situation. Furthermore, amid prospects of a declining workforce population, we must improve the employment rate of young people, women, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. We must advance the realization of a society in which all people participate, in which everyone with a will to work is able to work. And we must form a reliable safety net to ensure that no one falls into the poverty cycle.

In June of this year, the government and ruling party's final draft plan for the comprehensive reform of social security and taxation systems was compiled after much discussion. With this plan as our basis, the ruling and opposition parties will sincerely carry out repeated discussions and we will aim to submit the relevant legislation during the next ordinary session of the Diet. In order for the ruling and opposition parties to have an open dialogue and to be able to reach an agreement on the passage of the legislation, I sincerely ask for the participation of the members of all parties and parliamentary groups in the policy discussions on the comprehensive reform of social security and taxation systems.

The aspiration to engage actively overseas and contribute to the international community and to all of mankind

In order for Japanese people to regain "hope" and "pride," there is one more important thing. That is never to become "inward-looking"--to have the aspiration to engage actively overseas. Since the Meiji Restoration, our forefathers paved the way to prosperity by boldly challenging the world. I believe there are definitely things that only we Japanese people can do to resolve the issues facing the international community and contribute to the future of all of mankind. In order to call forth the aspiration to become a pioneer of a new era among the young, we will advance the development of human resources, including the bringing up global human resources, and educate to develop people's ability to learn and think on their own. Furthermore, we will be exploring policies to open up frontiers of a new Japan, including the establishment of a new community development model which aims to achieve prosperous furusato (homelands), the development of sea areas which are said to be a reservoir of marine resources, and the establishment of a strategic scheme for promoting the development and use of outer space.

Restoration of confidence in politics and government administration

The country cannot function without the public's confidence in politics and government administration. We will strive to restore confidence through the generation of tangible outputs of administrative reform and political reform. Already, a Cabinet decision has been approved soon after the end of the war in 1946, which vowed to thoroughly revitalize the operations of the government in order to increase public confidence. Despite the fact that more than 60 years have passed since this Cabinet decision, government revitalization is still midway into the process. We will work to eliminate any wasteful spending and inefficiencies included in government administration and to strengthen the truly necessary government functions. These government revitalization efforts must be continued and reinforced consistently. We will enhance the methods of reviewing government programs (shiwake) that we have been undertaking since the change of government. Furthermore, the Government and ruling party will go back to the original goal of "putting the lives of the people first "and make concerted efforts to fight vested interests and to carry out an array of administrative reforms.

In order for the nation's civil servants to be able to truly demonstrate their capacities as those serving the needs of the people and realize efficient and high quality government services, we will endeavor to achieve the early passage of the legislation related to the reform of the system of national civil servants. Along with cutting the personnel costs of national civil servants, we will carry out efforts for materializing the reform of the civil servant system.

Our foremost priority in political reform is correcting the difference in weight attached to a vote, which is currently a violation of the Constitution. I expect that serious discussions will take place among the ruling and opposition parties regarding the mechanisms of the election system, including the issue of the number of Diet members.

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5. Foreign and National Security Policy that Addresses the New Requirements of the Times

Changes in the global situation and security environment surrounding Japan

The global situation surrounding Japan is continuing to change on a daily basis, even following the recent disaster. The global presence of emerging economies is increasing and in response to the new requirements of the times, brought about by multi-polarization it is vital that Japan's foreign policy respond robustly to these changes.

There is also an increasing lack of transparency in the security environment surrounding Japan. In such a situation it is naturally the responsibility of the government to create a system in time of peace that is capable of responding swiftly to any crisis that may unfold in order to ensure regional peace and stability as well as safety of the people. In accordance with the new National Defense Program Guidelines that were formulated at the end of last year, Japan will enhance its readiness and mobility and work to build a dynamic defense force, thus responding to the new security environment.

Deepening and developing the Japan-U.S. alliance

The Japan-U.S. alliance remains at the cornerstone of Japanese diplomacy and national security, and also a publicly shared asset fostering the stability and prosperity of not only the Asia-Pacific region, but also the world.

The significance of the Japan-U.S. alliance relationship that has been strengthened over the long course of more than half a century was reconfirmed during the disaster, through "Operation Tomodachi." In addition to moving quickly to build relations of trust at the leader level, we will work to deepen the Japan-U.S. alliance on various levels, focusing particularly on security, economics, and exchanges of culture and human resources, thus deepening and developing an alliance relationship that is appropriate for the 21st century.

Regarding the issue of the relocation of Futenma Air Station, in line with the Japan-U.S. agreement, it is important to avoid a situation in which the Air Station becomes fixed in its current location and ensure that the burden on Okinawa is alleviated. We will make every effort in this regard, while explaining the situation sincerely to the people of Okinawa to ask for their understanding. We will also actively implement measures for the revitalization of Okinawa.

Strengthening bilateral relations with neighboring countries

The Asia-Pacific region is expected to remain as a center for global growth in the future and Japan will naturally continue to strengthen political and economic relations with countries in the region and also to deepen exchanges in cultural aspects. We will make efforts to build trust as a fellow member of the region and ensure robust relations.

In relations between Japan and China, in view of next year's 40th anniversary of the normalization of relations between our two countries, we will work to promote specific cooperation in a broad range of areas and, while seeking for China to play an appropriate role befitting its responsibilities as a member of the international community with greater transparency, we will work to deepen our strategic relationship of mutual benefit.

In relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea (ROK), we will further strengthen relations, based on a future-oriented vision towards the next one hundred years. In relations with North Korea, in cooperation with other countries and based on the Japan-DPRK Pyongyang Declaration, Japan seeks to normalize its diplomatic relations with North Korea through the comprehensive resolution of the outstanding issues of concern, including the abduction, nuclear, and missile issues, and settling the unfortunate past. Regarding the abduction issue, this is a grave issue that relates to national sovereignty and as the responsibility of the State, we will spare no effort towards achieving the return of all abductees to Japan at the earliest possible juncture.

In relations with Russia, in addition to continuing tenacious efforts to resolve the issue of the Northern Territories, which is of prime concern, we will work to build an appropriate relationship as a partner in the Asia-Pacific region.

Linkage in a multi-polar world

In order to cultivate assured bonds with each country in a multi-polar world, great strength of will be required to join together in resolving the challenges that the world faces in common. These "kizuna"--bonds of friendship-- must be broadened and expanded in multiple tiers of society, in various public and private sector bodies.

One example of such efforts based on such "kizuna" is recovery and reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake. The disaster-affected regions have benefited from the provision of countless instances of warm support from countries around the world. This assistance can be said to be one of the significant fruits of Japan's contribution to the international community in the post-war period and the trust the world places in us. Japan is the only country in the world to have suffered the devastation of an atomic bombing and is also a country that has suffered from the recent unprecedented disaster. In addition to continuing to take the lead among nations to appeal for nuclear disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation, Japan must pay back the kindness that has been shown by the world, by sharing the lessons and knowledge we have gained in the areas of nuclear safety and disaster prevention with other countries.

Efforts to strengthen linkages between countries in economic aspects are termed "economic cooperation. "As a part of such cooperation, essential challenges are efforts to ensure growth in the global economy and prevent the hollowing out of industry. Based on the "Basic Policy on Comprehensive Economic Partnerships" we will make strategic moves seeking to conclude high-level economic partnership agreements (EPA). In specific terms we will advance the EPA negotiations with the ROK and Australia, and we will aim to initiate negotiations in the near term for a Japan-EU EPA and a Japan-China-ROK EPA. In addition, with regard to the participation in the negotiation of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Agreement, we will conduct thorough discussions with a view to reaching a conclusion as soon as possible.

With regard to measures relating to such issues as securing natural resources and energy as well as a stable supply of food, we will proceed actively with economic diplomacy. In addition, in respect of various global challenges, including assistance to developing countries and a response to international negotiations on climate change, a response to the situation in the Middle East and North Africa, and measures for fragile states, Japan will continue to make an active contribution.

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6. Closing Remarks

Politics is all about working tenaciously to bring about realistic solutions to issues, while coordinating contradictory interests and values. The essence of parliamentary democracy lies in consensus building based on carefully wrought dialogue and understanding.

Under the previous administration we have already found a number of solutions through repeated dialogue. Given the constraints placed on us by a divided Diet, now is an apt and opportune moment to reflect on the rightful nature of the legislative branch of government, namely the aim of reaching consensus through discussion.

To the honorable members of the Diet gathered here, representing your constituents, and to the people of Japan, I would like to reiterate the following.

In order to revive Japan from this historic national crisis, do we not need to now amass and concentrate all the latent potential in our country? The members of the Cabinet will make concerted efforts to discharge their responsibilities. The members of the bureaucracy will demonstrate their maximum abilities as experts in their fields. The ruling and opposition parties will engage in thorough discussions and dialogue and give their all to identify common ground. Is it not now time for the government, corporations and each individual, indeed every person in the nation, to be of one mind and united in our efforts to face this crisis?

I will take the lead among the Cabinet in listening carefully to the voices and the heartfelt cries of each and every person in the nation. I will conduct myself with "sincere spirit and just intent." I will devote myself only to the people of Japan, and, in order to overcome the crisis before us and resolve the challenges that have beset Japan for many years, I am determined to spare no effort as I advance tenaciously and doggedly forward, one step at a time.

I close my policy speech by reiterating my request for the understanding and cooperation of my fellow citizens.

(Sep. 15, 2011)

Sunday, September 11, 2011

11/09 Hachiro's radioactive gaffe / Mock contamination leads to calls for resignation or dismissal




Yoshio Hachiro
Economy, Trade and Industry Minister Yoshio Hachiro's infelicitous remark and gesture about radiation have sparked calls for his resignation among the ruling and opposition parties.
"Here's some radiation," Hachiro allegedly said Thursday evening, gesturing as if to press the sleeve of his jacket against a reporter after returning from his inspection tour to areas around the crippled Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.
His remark and gesture have sparked a controversy within the ruling Democratic Party of Japan over whether he should stay in Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda's Cabinet.
According to members of the ruling coalition parties, such behavior is inappropriate for a Cabinet minister in charge of nuclear power plants, and is bound to spark calls for his resignation.
About the incident, Hachiro explained to the press Friday evening, "Actually, I wanted to talk about the disaster-hit areas, as there were many reporters whom I know well."
"I don't think I said anything like that [such as contaminating someone with radiation]," he added.
Prior to the latest trouble, Hachiro said at a press conference Friday morning: "I saw not a single person [in areas around the nuclear plant]. They were literally towns of death."
He withdrew the remark and apologized at a press conference in the afternoon.
"It was an expression that might lead to misunderstanding among the disaster victims," Hachiro said. "I sincerely regret it, withdraw the comment and deeply apologize for that."
While an increasing number of DPJ members have been discussing the possibility of Hachiro's resignation, senior officials of the opposition Liberal Democratic Party have begun calling on Noda to dismiss him outright.
"I know of the news report [about Hachiro]," Noda told reporters Saturday while on a visit to inspect the tsunami-hit city of Kesennuma, Miyagi Prefecture. "Since I want to know his real intention, I'll meet him as soon as possible."
Noda was to return to Tokyo later Saturday, while Hachiro was scheduled to visit a plant in Sagamihara, Kanagawa Prefecture, in the afternoon. Thus, a meeting between them may not occur until Saturday evening at the earliest.
Meanwhile, Hachiro apologized over the remark and gesture on Saturday afternoon in a dormitory building for House of Representatives members in Tokyo's Akasaka district.
"If I upset people in Fukushima Prefecture [who are victims of the nuclear disaster] and made them lose faith in the government, I want to apologize," Hachiro said.
However, Hachiro also said: "I want to work hard as far as I can. I'll consult [the prime minister on whether to resign]."
About his remark and gesture Thursday evening, Hachiro said, "I just made a little feint [toward a reporter], and I did never catch his arm. I might have done something like that."
Criticism against Hachiro was mounting in the DPJ.
Seiji Maehara, chairman of the DPJ Policy Research Committee, told reporters in Tokyo on Saturday morning: "If it's true, it's a very serious problem. It's important to explain his real intention by the end of today."
Former Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary Tetsuro Fukuyama said on a TBS program Saturday: "The remark was improper. There may be various debates from now on." He suggested the problem may develop into a controversy over whether Hachiro can stay in the post.
Shigeru Ishiba, chairman of the LDP Policy Research Council, told reporters in Tokyo on Saturday, "Unless he resigns or Prime Minister Noda dismisses him, nothing can move [in the next extraordinary Diet session]."
(Sep. 11, 2011)

Tuesday, September 6, 2011

06/09 Japan-U.S. alliance must be rebuilt

The Yomiuri Shimbun

The inauguration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda's Cabinet should lead to a halt in the erosion of Japan's diplomatic relations of recent years, which is essential for making the nation's voice better heard in the international community.

At a press conference held shortly after his appointment as prime minister, Noda stressed the need to achieve that goal, saying: "The Japan-U.S. relationship is a central pillar of our country's diplomatic and security policy at a time when the world is becoming more and more multipolar. [Bilateral relations] must be deepened and expanded."

Noda is an unknown quantity as prime minister. However, we hope he will steadfastly adhere to this fundamental principle in fulfilling his duties.

The Japan-U.S. alliance has long functioned as a public good to preserve peace and security in the Asia-Pacific basin. Many Asian countries share this perception. Unstable Japan-U.S. ties would harm relations between Japan and its Asian neighbors.

The nation's diplomatic environment has been increasingly unfavorable in recent years. The Noda administration was preceded by short-lived cabinets formed by five prime ministers. This has been compounded by the rise of China and some other newly emerging nations, a development that has undeniably resulted in a relative decline in Japan's national strength as the mainstay of its foreign relations.

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Put U.S. ties on track

This is particularly evident in the turmoil and stagnation in the Japan-U.S. relationship due to a change of administration that took place two years ago. This paralysis can be attributed to former Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama's unskilled diplomacy, followed by an ill-conceived attempt by his successor, Naoto Kan, to put off bilateral issues.

With this in mind, the new prime minister must work to bring the nation's tattered external relations back on track, focusing first on shoring up its alliance with the United States.

Noda is scheduled to attend a number of meetings with the leaders of other nations, including a session of the U.N. General Assembly in late September. His diplomatic itinerary for November and beyond also includes a summit meeting of the Group of 20 nations and territories, the East Asia Summit and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.

The prime minister must use these diplomatic opportunities to establish trust with U.S. President Barack Obama and other national leaders. Doing so is essential to defend our national interests.

He must also take specific actions to resolve pending issues facing Japan and the United States and not just follow the steps taken by his predecessors, Hatoyama and Kan, who both had only harped on "a deepening" of the bilateral alliance.

Washington has called on Tokyo to make "concrete progress" in settling the dispute over the transfer of the U.S. Marine Corps' Futenma Air Station in Okinawa Prefecture "within one year." Failure to do so could prompt the U.S. administration to drastically reconsider a plan to relocate U.S. marines in the prefecture to Guam.

Noda must do all he can to overcome the gridlock in the Futenma controversy through talks with leaders and residents in Okinawa Prefecture. This task requires the prime minister to join hands with Cabinet members related to the dispute--Foreign Minister Koichiro Gemba, Defense Minister Yasuo Ichikawa and Tatsuo Kawabata, state minister for Okinawa and Northern Territories affairs.

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Promote talks with China

It is no less important for Noda to promote dialogue with China.

The collisions between a Chinese fishing boat and two Japanese vessels in waters off the Senkaku Islands in September last year strained bilateral ties. Although summit talks among Japan, China and South Korea have since taken place, Tokyo and Beijing remain caught in a standoff over natural gas field exploration in the East China Sea and other bilateral problems.

The prime minister should step up security talks between Japan and China while also increasing bilateral economic and trade cooperation. Living up to this responsibility is essential to realizing what is called a "strategically reciprocal relationship" between Tokyo and Beijing, instead of leaving the mutually avowed goal an empty slogan.

The Noda administration also must decide, as soon as possible, whether to send Self-Defense Forces personnel to South Sudan for a U.N. peacekeeping mission, another decision his predecessors put off.

We hope the Liberal Democratic Party and other opposition parties will agree to abandon the unreasonable practice established over the years of restricting visits to other countries by prime ministers and foreign ministers.

For years, opposition parties have insisted that attendance at Diet sessions by such political figures must take precedence over overseas travel on official business. The public does not even begin to understand why the country's national interests must be compromised because its prime minister and foreign minister are prevented from visiting other nations under what can only be described as a misguided rule meant to preserve "the authority of the Diet."

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 5, 2011)

(Sep. 6, 2011)

Sunday, September 4, 2011

04/09 PROFILE OF NODA CABINET

The Yomiuri Shimbun

INTERNAL AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS MINISTER, STATE MINISTER FOR OKINAWA AND NORTHERN TERRITORIES AFFAIRS

TATSUO KAWABATA

Kawabata, a former member of the now-defunct Democratic Socialist Party, entered politics after working as a technical engineer at Toray Industries, Inc. and an executive member of a labor union.

Having served as party secretary general and Diet affairs chief, he is considered adept in dealing with Diet affairs.

As education minister under a previous DPJ administration, he skillfully handled education policies, despite this not being his specialty. The free high school education program, one of the DPJ's pledges in the 2009 House of Representatives election, was put into force through his efforts.

However, some lawmakers describe him as a consensus-oriented politician who lacks individuality and the strength to impose his will on others.

(DPJ, group of former DSP members)

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JUSTICE MINISTER

HIDEO HIRAOKA

Hiraoka is the second consecutive justice minister to come from the intraparty group led by former Prime Minister Naoto Kan, following his predecessor, Satsuki Eda.

He has served in such posts as counselor of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau and section chief of the former National Tax Administration Agency, now the National Tax Agency.

A lawyer, Hiraoka is considered an expert on legal and fiscal affairs.

An enthusiastic supporter of the current Constitution, Hiraoka is a representative of Liberal no Kai (association of liberal lawmakers), a group of junior and mid-ranking DPJ members.

However, some people regard him as "stubborn and inflexible."

(DPJ, Kan group)

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FOREIGN MINISTER

KOICHIRO GEMBA

Gemba served concurrently as state minister for national policy and chairman of the DPJ's Policy Research Committee in the Kan administration, and made strenuous efforts in negotiations with the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito in reviewing his party's key policy goals.

However, he sometimes has been seen as vacillating between different opinions when faced with opposition from other party members, putting his decisiveness in question.

He attended the Matsushita Institute of Government and Management, and is the son-in-law of former Fukushima Gov. Eisaku Sato.

Some lawmakers have begun gathering around Gemba, who is regarded as a next-generation leader in the party. This move may lead to the formation of a new group.

(DPJ)

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FINANCE MINISTER

JUN AZUMI

A close ally of former DPJ Secretary General Katsuya Okada, Azumi supported him as chairman of the party's Diet Affairs Committee during the Kan administration.

Azumi's high-handed attitude toward bureaucrats is often described as arrogant. But many people were moved at a meeting of DPJ lawmakers immediately after the Great East Japan Earthquake when Azumi wept as he called for action to help victims in disaster-stricken areas.

A former NHK reporter, Azumi is known to be highly assertive. However, some express concern about his talkative nature, saying that he tends to blow his own horn.

(DPJ)

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EDUCATION, CULTURE, SPORTS, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MINISTER

MASAHARU NAKAGAWA

Nakagawa was formerly a member of the Mie Prefectural Assembly and worked for the Japan Foundation. He has gained the deep trust of former party Secretary General Katsuya Okada, who also was elected from a constituency in Mie Prefecture.

Having served as chairman of the DPJ's Foreign Relations and Security Research Committee, Nakagawa is known for his expertise in diplomatic affairs.

Nakagawa also has a deep knowledge of many other policy issues. He was in charge of education policies as a senior vice minister of the education ministry.

He is considered extremely trustworthy, though some other politicians wish he was more ambitious.

(DPJ)

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HEALTH, LABOR AND WELFARE MINISTER

YOKO KOMIYAMA

Komiyama is one of the DPJ members who called for the creation of the child-rearing allowance system, a key pledge in the party's manifesto for the 2009 House of Representatives election.

A former commentator at NHK, Komiyama has made it her life's work to promote women's rights and assistance for child rearing.

A close aide to DPJ Policy Research Committee Chairman Seiji Maehara, Komiyama openly urged then party President Ichiro Ozawa to resign in 2009 over Ozawa's involvement in a politics-and-money scandal.

Komiyama has a good reputation for her clear-cut statements, but this has earned her enemies in the past.

(DPJ, Maehara group)

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AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES MINISTER

MICHIHIKO KANO

Elected to the House of Representatives 11 times, Kano has had a long political career. He held a number of cabinet posts as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party, and was once seen as a promising candidate for prime minister. However, he bolted the LDP when the political world underwent a realignment and he suffered a number of hardships.

Last year, he was appointed agriculture, forestry and fisheries minister, the first cabinet post he has held in 18 years. He displayed his political skills in agricultural reforms and has been rewarded by being reappointed to the post. The stability he seemed to offer prompted other party members to field him as a candidate in the latest DPJ presidential election.

He is nicknamed "tinplate underwear," a reference to his discreet statements and behavior from which "nothing leaks."

(DPJ, Kano group)

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ECONOMY, TRADE AND INDUSTRY MINISTER

YOSHIO HACHIRO

Hachiro was born into a farming family in Hokkaido, worked in an agricultural co-operative and then entered the world of politics as a member of the now-defunct Japan Socialist Party.

Though he claims to be an expert in agricultural policy, Hachiro's skills in economy and energy policies are uncertain.

When the DPJ was an opposition party, he served in such key party posts as chairman of the Diet Affairs Committee and chairman of the election campaign committee, and his skill in coordinating opinions was praised.

In September last year, he again became chairman of the Diet Affairs Committee, but resigned about four months later after failing to achieve anything worthwhile.

(DPJ, group of former JSP members)

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LAND, INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT AND TOURISM MINISTER

TAKESHI MAEDA

At 73, Maeda is the oldest Cabinet member. He has experienced many setbacks in his political career, losing three consecutive elections for the House of Representatives, the House of Councillors and the governorship of Nara Prefecture.

Agreeing with the political reforms proposed by former Prime Minister Tsutomu Hata, Maeda left the Liberal Democratic Party in 1993.

In the DPJ's recent presidential election, Maeda supported Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister Michihiko Kano. Although he is a member of the Hata group, he also attends meetings of Kano's group.

Maeda used to be a bureaucrat at the former Construction Ministry. He will be tested as to whether he can exert his leadership without depending on his former colleagues.

(DPJ, upper house, Hata group)

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ENVIRONMENT MINISTER, STATE MINISTER FOR NUCLEAR CRISIS

GOSHI HOSONO

Hosono was appointed in June under the Kan administration as state minister in charge of handling the ongoing crisis at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant. He has played a major role in addressing the crisis in cooperation with plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Co. since its outbreak.

Hosono has frequently visited Fukushima Prefecture to coordinate efforts to deal with the nuclear crisis and earned a reputation within the government as a man of action.

Hosono entered the world of national politics when he was 28, after serving as a researcher at a research organization.

Although he is said to be highly competent in his utilization of bureaucrats, some have found Hosono to be indecisive when his positions come under criticism.

(DPJ, Maehara group)

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DEFENSE MINISTER

YASUO ICHIKAWA

As head of the DPJ's policy board in the House of Councillors, Ichikawa has played a role in having the opinions of upper house members reflected in DPJ policies.

He became an expert on agricultural policy when he was a bureaucrat in the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Ministry.

Though he has expressed interest in diplomatic and defense issues, some lawmakers said his experience comes only as a senior member of relevant committees.

He fought many times with former Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori of the Liberal Democratic Party in the House of Representatives' Ishikawa Constituency No. 2, before switching parties and winning an upper house seat.

(DPJ, upper house, Ozawa group)

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CHIEF CABINET SECRETARY

OSAMU FUJIMURA

Fujimura was inspired to become a politician during his university days, as a result of volunteering to raise scholarship funds for children who had lost their parents in traffic accidents.

He has served as a senior vice minister for the Foreign Ministry and the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry, but his speciality is education policy.

When he was in the opposition camp, Fujimura was involved in managing Diet affairs and gained a reputation for adept behind-the-scenes maneuvering.

Fujimura is considered to be Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda's right-hand man.

He is calm and subdued, but many people have called for him to be more vocal.

(DPJ, Noda group)

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NATIONAL PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION CHAIRMAN, STATE MINISTER FOR CONSUMER AFFAIRS AND ABDUCTION ISSUE

KENJI YAMAOKA

Yamaoka became chairman of the Diet Affairs Committee immediately after the 2007 House of Councillors election, and his confrontational attitude toward the ruling Liberal Democratic Party at Diet sessions contributed greatly to the advent of DPJ-led government.

He proudly calls himself a strategist, but some have said he has a tendency to get caught in his own strategies. In 2008, when the DPJ was in the opposition bloc, Yamaoka was suspected of being involved in a pyramid scheme and the LDP set up a team to investigate his alleged involvement.

His third son, Tatsumaru, is a member of the House of Representatives, and his wife's father is renowned novelist Sohachi Yamaoka.

(DPJ, Ozawa group)

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STATE MINISTER FOR POSTAL REFORM AND FINANCIAL SERVICES

SHOZABURO JIMI

Jimi has a doctorate in medicine and has taught at Harvard University as a lecturer.

Although he is not a specialist in financial administration, Jimi was reappointed to the post as the sole representative of the DPJ's coalition partner, People's New Party. He played the same role under the Kan administration.

Jimi has been tasked by PNP leader Shizuka Kamei to push postal reform-related bills through the Diet.

As deliberations on the bills are stalled in the House of Representatives, Jimi faces a tough challenge.

(PNP, upper house)

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STATE MINISTER FOR NATIONAL POLICY, ECONOMIC AND FISCAL POLICY, AND TAX REFORM

MOTOHISA FURUKAWA

Furukawa is a former Finance Ministry bureaucrat known for his administrative abilities. Since he is an expert on the taxation system and fiscal policy, former Prime Minister Naoto Kan and former Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshito Sengoku gave him key posts.

Though he is an able policymaker, he has been criticized for lacking communication skills and his inability to work effectively with the Diet as deputy chief cabinet secretary in the Kan administration.

He is also said to micromanage and be more bureaucratic than bureaucrats.

(DPJ, Maehara group)

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STATE MINISTER FOR GOVERNMENT REVITALIZATION AND CIVIL SERVICE REFORM

RENHO

Renho has been reappointed as state minister for government revitalization two months after leaving the post. She is expected to be tested over her handling of the once highly heralded screenings of government projects and budgets. As the government failed to achieve much in previous screenings, public interest in them has waned.

Renho, who first became famous as a TV personality, outperforms other lawmakers with her arguments and questions in the Diet.

In the wake of the March 11 disaster, Renho led a national power conservation campaign and played a major role in publicizing government measures on many other occasions. While some people enjoy her flashy performance, it leaves other people cold.

(DPJ, upper house, Noda group)

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STATE MINISTER FOR DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

TATSUO HIRANO

Hirano retained his post as disaster recovery minister. He was appointed to the post in July under the Kan Cabinet when he succeeded Ryu Matsumoto, who stepped down following a spate of gaffes.

In playing a key role in working out basic recovery and reconstruction policies, Hirano has been credited with regaining the trust of disaster victims.

Formerly a bureaucrat of the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Ministry, he has built a reputation for competence in performing administrative tasks.

As Hirano is a midranking legislator among DPJ members, however, some lawmakers have pointed out he still falls short in reconciling conflicting opinions.

(DPJ, upper house)

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DEPUTY CHIEF CABINET SECRETARY

FOR PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS

TSUYOSHI SAITO

Saito, 66, previously served as acting chairman of the Diet Affairs Committee.

He graduated from Kanagawa University and was elected to a proportional representation seat in the House of Representatives from the Minami Kanto bloc.

(DPJ, Kan group)

HIROYUKI NAGAHAMA

Nagahama, 52, was senior vice health, labor and welfare minister and the DPJ's Finance Committee chairman.

A House of Representatives member from Chiba Constituency No. 1, he graduated from Waseda University.

(DPJ, upper house, Noda group)

FOR ADMINISTRATIVE AFFAIRS

MAKOTO TAKETOSHI

Taketoshi, 61, was administrative vice minister of the Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Ministry and chief of the ministry's City and Regional Development Bureau.

He graduated from the University of Tokyo and joined the then Construction Ministry in 1972.

(Sep. 4, 2011)